Mental health fluctuations during pregnancy: Recognising and managing common problems

In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Prasad Kulat, Senior Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist at Ankura Hospital, Pune, reveals some common mental health issues that can affect pregnant women –

1. Depression: Depression is a common mental health problem that can affect pregnant women. Its symptoms can include feelings of sadness, hopelessness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, and difficulty concentrating.
2. Worry: Anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, may also appear or worsen during pregnancy. Symptoms can include excessive worry, restlessness, irritability, and physical symptoms such as a rapid heartbeat or sweating.
3. Prenatal or antenatal depression: It refers to depression that occurs specifically during pregnancy. It is important to recognize and address prenatal depression because it can have negative effects on both the mother and the baby.
4. Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMAD): It is a group of disorders that can occur during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. PMAD includes conditions such as postpartum depression, postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety, postpartum OCD, and postpartum psychosis.
5. Perinatal PTSD: Some women may experience symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder related to childbirth, particularly if their childbirth experience was traumatic.

Dr. Prasad Kulat emphasised that pregnant women should prioritise their mental health and seek help if needed. He gave some tips to maintain good mental health during pregnancy –

1. Seek prenatal care: Regular prenatal check-ups can help monitor both physical and mental health during pregnancy.
2. Stay connected: Maintain open communication with your partner, family, friends, and healthcare providers about your feelings and concerns.
3. Practice self-care: Get enough rest, exercise regularly (if approved by your healthcare provider), eat a healthy diet, and participate in activities that help you relax and unwind.
4. Consider therapy: Therapy such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapy can help manage mental health problems during pregnancy.
5. Medicine: In some cases, medication may be needed to manage serious mental health conditions during pregnancy. It is important to consult a healthcare provider to evaluate the risks and benefits of medication use during pregnancy.

Remember, seeking help for mental health problems during pregnancy is not a sign of weakness. It is a proactive step towards ensuring the health and well-being of both you and your baby.