Recently, Delhi-based policy researcher Sneha Sinha was shocked when her smartwatch alerted her of an “abnormally high” heart rate. “As an avid hiker, I hike in mountainous areas at altitudes above 15,000-16,000 feet, where oxygen levels are often low,” Sinha said, adding that she had no prior medical problems. “I tried to take deep breaths, hoping it would resolve. When this persisted for more than 1.5 hours, the ECG indicated the onset of atrial fibrillation (AFib). Then I decided to seek medical help,” she adds, adding that doctors described her condition as a “close call.”
From tracking REM cycles during sleep to monitoring calorie intake at night out, smartwatches have evolved beyond basic functions like internet browsing and calls. Advanced wearables now offer health care features like in-built ECG readers, AFib history optical heart sensors, blood-oxygen meters and more. A 2020 study published in JAMA Cardiology also suggests that some wearable devices can provide readings as accurate as traditional ECGs, potentially saving lives.
How does the technology work?
According to a study on ECG capability published in Science Direct, smartwatches use LEDs that shine on the skin to detect blood flow and measure heart rate. Sensors collect this information, which algorithms then process to understand the heart’s rhythm.
Expert advice: Use it wisely, not blindly
While wearable devices have diagnostic capabilities, medical professionals recommend not using smartwatches as a baseline for your heart health.
“Two advantages over ‘medical’ 24-hour ECG or Holter monitoring are convenience of use and almost continuous monitoring. Although people can learn to monitor their health, accuracy is a major limitation,” says Dr Rakesh Rai Sapra, director of cardiology, Marengo Asia Hospital, Faridabad.
With the existing features, users can use their devices to learn how to check for irregularities, says Dr DK Jhamb, Director of Interventional Cardiology, SHALBY Sanar International Hospitals. “They are the best early indicators of overall heart health. If there is an irregular heartbeat, the smartwatch usually gives a false reading of low heart rate. If your heart rate is too fast (more than 100 beats per minute) or too slow (slower than 60), get yourself checked by a cardiologist as soon as possible,” he ends.
establishing a baseline
Feed your exact height, weight, dietary changes, and before or after surgeries data that may affect your health to ensure accuracy.
Always seek medical attention to interpret the data being recorded and any irregularities.
If you choose a personalized fitness regimen, disclose any existing health conditions and keep your health metrics in mind.
Use your smartwatch as an indicator device and avoid self-diagnosis
Input by fitness expert Chhavi Dutt
