Vision problems are reaching alarming levels, tantamount to an epidemic. A recent study suggests that approximately one billion children globally may need glasses. Researchers in China have observed a significant increase in myopia, or nearsightedness, among children and adolescents. The study published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology predicts that as many as 740 million young people worldwide could be affected by the condition by 2050.
The study, conducted by researchers at Sun Yat-sen University in China, examined data from 276 studies with more than 5.4 million participants in 50 countries. It reveals a significant increase in the global prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents over the past 30 years, from 24.32% in the 1990s to 35.81% in the early 2020s. This increase in myopia rates is particularly notable in certain regions and demographics. East Asian countries have the highest prevalence, with Japan leading the way at an alarming 85.95%. Additionally, the study found that girls are more likely to develop myopia than boys, especially during adolescence. (Also read: Don’t let the rain spoil your vision: Essential eye care tips for monsoon to avoid infections ,
Nearsightedness trends in different countries
Interestingly, research reveals a significant disparity between developed and developing countries. Contrary to expectations, the prevalence of myopia in developing or underdeveloped countries is higher at 31.89%, compared to 23.81% in developed countries. Researchers suggest that the early start of formal education in some East Asian countries may contribute to this trend. Future projections are even more worrying, with projections indicating that by 2050, 39.80% of children and adolescents globally will suffer from myopia. This equates to approximately four in ten young people needing prescription glasses, which is a significant public health challenge.
cause and solution
Researchers identify several contributing factors to the increase in myopia, including increased screen time, decreased outdoor activities, and an early start to formal education in some cultures. For example, in countries such as Singapore and Hong Kong, children as young as two or three often participate in supplementary educational programs before entering formal schooling. Gender disparity in myopia rates is also notable. Studies suggest that girls may be more susceptible to myopia due to earlier physical development, less outdoor time, and possibly greater engagement in near-range activities such as reading.
The study emphasizes the importance of developing good eye habits from an early age. This includes promoting outdoor activities, limiting screen time and ensuring regular eye exams. On a larger scale, researchers suggest that governments introduce policies to reduce the pressure of excessive homework and off-campus tuition faced by young students. “Even considering the large sample size, our estimates of the prevalence of myopia are very precise,” the team says. “It is important to acknowledge that myopia may pose a significant global health challenge in the future.”
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions you may have about a medical condition.
